Prophet’s Salah
“Pray as you have seen me praying” these words change my whole perspective of praying salah. A few years ago, It was my belief that if a person is praying salah it is enough, there is no need for discussion about things like tying hands-on chest or belly and doing Rafal Yaadein or not, etc. But then I went through a few Ahadits that completely changed my point of view on this point.
Hazrat Malik bin Horaisؓ narrated that:
We came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and stayed with him for twenty days and nights. We were all young and of about the same age. The Prophet (ﷺ) was very kind and merciful. When he realized our longing for our families, he asked about our homes and the people there and we told him. Then he asked us to go back to our families, stay with them, teach them (the religion), and order them to do good things. He also mentioned some other things which I have (remembered) or forgotten. The Prophet (ﷺ) then added, “Pray as you have seen me praying and when it is the time for the prayer one of you should pronounce the Adhan and the oldest of you should lead the prayer.[Sahih Al-Bukhari 631].
Here I want to clarify a very important point through this Hadith: there is no difference between men’s and women’s Salah. It is not defined from any Qur’anic Ayah and Sahih Hadith that there is a difference in Men and women prayer. Rasool Allah(ﷺ) command all Believers to Pray Salah on his method. And here is another one
Narrated by Zaid bin Wahb
Hudhaifa saw a person who was not performing the bowing and prostration perfectly(not according to Prophet’s teaching). He said to him, “You have not prayed, and if you should die you would die on a religion other than that of Muhammad.” [Sahih Al-Bukhari 791].
And this Hadith led me to do detailed research on the Sunnat Salah through Sahih Ahadith and now I am sharing it with all of you. May Allah lead all of us to the Right Path. Ameen Now I will discuss Qayam, Ruku, Sujood one by one Insha’Allah. All the Ahadith I have used in this Article are Sahih Ahadith.
Sunnah Qayam
Rafa-ul-Yadain(Raising Hands with Takbir)
“Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) used to raise both his hands up to the level of his shoulders when opening the prayer. We find a number of Aahadiths on Rafa al Yaadein from different books of Ahadith. I will qoute two of them here Insha’Allah and share others in Ruku Section Insha’Allah.
Sahih Bukhari 735; Sahih Muslim 861; Jamia tarmizi 255 and 256, Sunan ibn e daud 722, Sunan nisai 879, sunan ibn e maja 858
Narrated by Salim bin Abdullahؓ “My father said, “Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) used to raise both his hands up to the level of his shoulders when opening the prayer, and on saying the Takbir for bowing. And on raising his head from bowing he used to do the same and then say “Sami`a l-lahu liman hamidah, Rabbana wa laka l-hamd.” And he did not do that (i.e. raising his hands) in prostrations.” [Sahih Bukhari 735; Sahih Muslim 861; Jamia tarmizi 255 and 256, Sunan ibn e daud 722, Sunan nisai 879, sunan ibn e maja 858].
Sunan ibn e Daud 864,Jamia Tirmizi 3423
Narrated by Hazrat Ali ibn Talibؓ “When the Messenger of Allah would stand for the obligatory prayer, he would raise his hands to the level of his shoulder, and he would do this [also] when he finished his recitation and intended to bow, and he would do it when he raised his head from Ruku`, and he would not raise his hands in any of his prayers while he was seated. When he would rise from the two prostrations, he would likewise raise his hands and say the Takbir[Sunan ibn e Daud 864,Jamia Tirmizi 3423]
Tying Hands
Now it comes to tying hands, Rasool Allah( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) place right hand on the left forearm and when we place our right hand on left forearm, it will automatically be on middle of chest. Below is the Ahadith for references.
Sahih Al-Bukhari 740
Narrated by Sahl bin Saadؓ “The people were ordered to place the right hand on the left forearm( the part of a person’s arm extending from the elbow to the wrist or the fingertips) in the prayer. Abu Hazim said, “I knew that the order was from the Prophet (ﷺ) .”[Sahih Al-Bukhari 740]
Sahih Muslim 896
Narrated by Wa’il bin Hujr “He saw the Messenger of Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) raising his hands at the time of beginning the prayer and reciting Takbir, and according to Hammam (the narrator), the hands were lifted opposite to ears. He (the Holy Prophet) then wrapped his hands in his cloth and placed his right hand over his left hand. And when he was about to bow down, he brought out his hands from the cloth, and then lifted them, and then recited Takbir and bowed down, and when (he came back to the erect position) he recited: Allah listened to him who praised Him. And when he prostrated, he prostrated between his two palms.[Sahih Muslim 896].
San’a
Rasool Allah( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) commands of recieting San’a سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ، وَتَبَارَكَ اسْمُكَ، وَتَعَالَى جَدُّكَ وَلَا إِلَهَ غَيْرُكَ after takbir. [References: Jamia Tirmizi 242, Sahih Al-Muslim 892]
Jamia Tirmizi 242
Narrated by Abu Sa’eed Al Khurdi “” When Allah’s Messenger stood for Salat during the night, he would say the Takbir (Allahu Akbar), then say: سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ، وَتَبَارَكَ اسْمُكَ، وَتَعَالَى جَدُّكَ وَلَا إِلَهَ غَيْرُكَ‘Glorious You are O Allah, and with Your praise, and blesses is Your Name, and exalted is Your majesty, and none has the right to be worshipped but You’ Then he would say:أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ السَّمِيعِ الْعَلِيمِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ مِنْ هَمْزِهِ وَنَفْخِهِ وَنَفْثِهِ” ‘Allah is undoubtedly the greatest.’ (Allahu Akbar Kabira). Then he would say: ‘I seek refuge in Allah the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing, from the cursed Shaitan, from his madness, his arrogance, and his poetry.”[Jamia Tirmizi 242]
Sahih Muslim 892
Narrated by Abda “Umar ibn al-Khattab used to recite loudly these words: سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ، وَتَبَارَكَ اسْمُكَ، وَتَعَالَى جَدُّكَ وَلَا إِلَهَ غَيْرُكَ [Glory to Thee,0 Allah, and Thine is the Praise, and Blessed is Thy Name. and Exalted is Thy Majesty. and there is no other object of worship besides Thee]. Qatada informed in writing that Anas b. Malik had narrated to him: I observed prayer behind the Messenger of Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) and Abu Bakr and Umar and ‘Uthman. They started (loud recitation) with AI-hamdu lillahi Rabb al-‘Alamin [All Praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the worlds] and did not recite Bismillah ir- Rahman-ir-Rahim (loudly) at the beginning of the recitation or at the end of it.”[Sahih Muslim 892].
Dua after San’a
Rasool Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) used to do azkar and dua after Sana and before Surah Al-Fatiha [Reference: Sunan Abu Dawood 775]
- لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ “There is no god but Allah” three times
- اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ كَبِيرًا “Allah is altogether great” three times
- أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ السَّمِيعِ الْعَلِيمِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ مِنْ هَمْزِهِ وَنَفْخِهِ وَنَفْثِهِ “I seek refuge in Allah, All-Hearing and All-Knowing from the accursed devil, from his evil suggestion, from his puffing up, and from his spitting”
And Rasool Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) also says Bismillah before Al-Fatiha but not loudly**[Reference: Sahih Al-Muslim 890]**
Sunan Abu Dawood 775
Narrated by Abu Sa’eed Al Khurdi “When the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم got up to pray at night (for tahajjud prayer) he uttered the takbir and then said: سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ وَتَبَارَكَ اسْمُكَ وَتَعَالَى جَدُّكَ وَلَا إِلَهَ غَيْرَكَ “Glory be to Thee, O Allah, and Praise be to Thee and Blessed is Thy name, and Exalted is Thy greatness. and There is no god but Thee”. He then said: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ “There is no god but Allah” three times; he then said: اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ كَبِيرًا “Allah is altogether great” three times: and then he said: أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ السَّمِيعِ الْعَلِيمِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ مِنْ هَمْزِهِ وَنَفْخِهِ وَنَفْثِهِ “I seek refuge in Allah, All-Hearing and All-Knowing from the accursed devil, from his evil suggestion, from his puffing up, and from his spitting”, He then recited (the Quran).[Sunan Abu Dawood 775].
Sahih Al-Muslim 890
Anas reported:I observed prayer along with the Messenger of Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) and with Abu Bakr, Umar and Uthman (may Allah be pleased with all of them), but I never heard any one of them reciting Bismillah-ir-Rahman-ir-Rahim loudly.[Sahih Muslim 890]
Surah Al-Fatiha
Rasool Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) says that the person who doen’t recite Surah Al-Fatiha in Salah, His Salah is invalid. Surah Al-Fatiha is that much important.[Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 743, 756]
We also come to know from Ahadith that Messenger of allah used to say Amin at the end of Surah Al-Fatiha Loudly(behind Imam).[Reference: Sunan Abu Dawood 932,933]
Sahih Al-Bukhari 743
Narrated by Anas bin Malik “The Prophet, Abu Bakr and Umar used to start the prayer with “Al hamdu li l-lahi Rabbi l-alamin (All praise is but to Allah, Lord of the Worlds)” [Sahih Al-Bukhari 743].
Sahih Al-Bukhari 756
Narrated ‘Ubada bin As-Samit Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said, “Whoever does not recite Al-Fatiha in his prayer, his prayer is invalid.”[Sahih Al-Bukhari 756]
Sunan Abu Dawood 932
Narrated Wail ibn Hujr When the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم recited the verse Nor of those who go astray (Surah al-Fatihah, verse 7), he would say Amin; and raised his voice (while uttering this word)” [Sunan Abu Dawood 932]
Sunan Abu Dawood 933
Narrated Wail ibn Hujr Wail bin Hujr said that he prayed behind the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم, and he said Amin loudly and saluted at his right and left sides until I saw the whiteness of his cheek” [Sunan Abu Dawood 933].
Reciting Qur’an in Qayam
Rasool Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) use to recite Qur’an after Surah Al-Fatiha in the first two Rak’ahs of Obligatory prayer. [References: Sahih Al-Muslim 1013, Sahih Al-Bukhari 776]
Sahih Al-Muslim 1013
Narrated by Abu Qatada “Abu Qatada reported it on the authority of his father: The Messenger of Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) would recite in the first two rak’ahs of the noon and afternoon prayers the opening chapter of the Book and another surah. He would sometimes recite loud enough to make audible to us the verse and would recite it in the last two rak’ahs Surat al-Fatiha (only)”[Sahih Al-Muslim 1013]
Sahih Al-Bukhari 776
Narrated by Abdullah bin Abi Qatada: “My father said, “The Prophet (ﷺ) uses to recite Al-Fatiha followed by another Sura in the first two rakat of the prayer and used to recite only Al-Fatiha in the last two rakat of the Zuhr prayer. Sometimes a verse or so was audible and he used to prolong the first raka more than the second and used to do the same in the Asr and Fajr prayers.”[Sahih Al-Bukhari 776].
Stop for a while before Ruku
Rasool Allah( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) use to stop for a while before Ruku.[Reference: Sunan Abu Dawood 778, Sunan ibn e Majah 845]
Sunan Abu Dawood 778, Sunan ibn e Majah 845
Narrated by Samurah bin Jundub “The Prophet صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم had two periods of silence; when he began his prayer and when he finished the recitation (of the Quran)”[Sunan Abu Dawood 778, Sunan ibn e Majah 845].
Sunnat Ruku
Posture
Rasool Allah( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم) place the palms of his hands on his knees and keeping his back straight, neither raising nor lowering his head.[Reference: Sunan Abu Dawood 730]
Sunan Abu Dawood 730
Narrated by Abu Humaid al-Saeedi Abu Humaid al-Saeedi once told a company of ten of the companions of the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ; Abu Qatadah was one of them: I am one among you who is more informed of the way the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم prayed. They said: Why, By Allah, you did not follow him more than us, nor did you remain in his company longer than us? He said: Yes. They said: Then describe (how the Prophet prayed). He said: When the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم stood up to pray, he raised his hands so as to bring them opposite his shoulders, and uttered the takbir (Allah is the most great), until every bone rested in its place properly: then he recited (some verses from the Quran); then he uttered the takbir (Allah is most great), raising his hands so as to bring them opposite his shoulders; then he bowed; placing the palms of his hands on his knees and keeping himself straight, neither raising nor lowering his head; then raised his head saying: سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ“Allah listens to him who praise Him”; then raised his hands so as to bring them exactly opposite to his shoulders; then uttered: “Allah is most great”; then lowered himself to the ground (in prostration), keeping his arms away from his sides; then raised his head, bent his left foot and sat on it, and opened the toes when he prostrated: then he uttered: “Allah is most great”; then raised his head, bent his left foot and sat on it so that every bone returned to its place properly; then he did the same in the second (rak’ah). At the end of the two Rak’ahs he stood up and uttered the Takbir (Allah is most great), raising his hands so as to bring them opposite to his shoulders; then he bowed, placing the palms of his hands on his knees and keeping himself straight, neither raising or lowering his head: then raised his head saying: “Allah listens to him who praises Him”; then raised his hands so as to bring them exactly opposite his shoulders; then uttered: “Allah is most great”; then lowered himself to the ground (in prostration), keeping his arms away from his sides; then raised his head, bent his left foot and sat on it, and opened the toes when he prostrated himself; then he prostrated; then uttered: “Allah is most great”; then raised his head, bent his left foot and sat on it so that every bone returned to its place properly; then he did the same in the second (rak’ah). At the end of two rak’ahs he stood up and uttered the Takbir (Allah is most great), raising his hands so as to bring them opposite to his shoulders in the way he had uttered the Takbir (Allah is most great) at the beginning of the prayer; then he did that in the remainder of his prayer; and after prostration which if followed by the taslim (salutation) he out his left foot and sat on his left hip. They said: You have spoken the truth. This is how he صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم used to pray”[Sunan Abu Dawood 730]
Dua in Ruku
Rasool Allah( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم) use to say following Dua’s in Ruku
- **سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الْعَظِيمِ “**Glory be to my Mighty Lord”[Sahih Al-Muslim 1814]
- فَسَبِّحْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الْعَظِيمِ “Glorify the name of your mighty Lord[Sunan Abu Dawood 869]
- سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا وَبِحَمْدِكَ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي“ (Exalted [from unbecoming attributes] Are you O Allah our Lord, and by Your praise [do I exalt you]. O Allah! Forgive me)[Sahih Al-Bukhari 794]
- سُبُّوحٌ قُدُّوسٌ، رَبُّ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالرُّوحِ All Glorious, All Holy, Lord of the Angels and the Spirit[Sahih Muslim 1091]
Sahih Al-Muslim 1814
Narrated by Hudaifa Hudhaifa reported:I prayed with the Messenger of Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) one night and he started reciting al-Baqara. I thought that he would bow at the end of one hundred verses, but he proceeded on; I then thought that he would perhaps recite the whole (surah) in a rak’ah, but he proceeded and I thought he would perhaps bow on completing (this surah). He then started al-Nisa’, and recited it; he then started Al-i-‘Imran and recited leisurely. And when he recited the verses which referred to the Glory of Allah, he glorified (by saying Subhan Allah-Glory to my Lord the Great), and when he recited the verses which tell (how the Lord) is to be begged, he (the Holy Prophet) would then beg (from Him), and when he recited the verses dealing with protection from the Lord, he sought (His) protection and would then bow and say: سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الْعَظِيمِ Glory be to my Mighty Lord; his bowing lasted about the same length of time as his standing (and then on returning to the standing posture after ruku’) he would say: سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُAllah listened to him who praised Him, and he would then stand about the same length of time as he had spent in bowing. He would then prostrate himself and say: سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الْأَعْلَىGlory be to my Lord most High, and his prostration lasted nearly the same length of time as his standing. In the hadith transmitted by Jarir the words are: He (the Holy Prophet) would say: Allah listened to him who praised Him, our Lord, to Thee I the praise. [Sahih Al-Muslim 1814]
Sunan Abi Dawood 869
Narrated Uqbah ibn Amir When فَسَبِّحْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الْعَظِيمِ “Glorify the name of your mighty Lord”( سورۃ الواقعۃ: ۷۴ ) was revealed, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Use it when bowing, and when سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الأَعْلَى“Glorify the name of your most high Lord”( سورۃ الاعلی: ۱ ) was revealed, he said: Use it when prostrating yourself[Sunan Abi Dawood 869]
Sahih Al-Bukhari 794
Narrated by Aisha The Prophet (ﷺ) used to say in his bowing and prostrations, سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا وَبِحَمْدِكَ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي“ (Exalted [from unbecoming attributes] Are you O Allah our Lord, and by Your praise [do I exalt you]. O Allah! Forgive me)[Sahih Al-Bukhari 794]
Sahih Al-Muslim 1091
Narrated by Aisha A’isha reported that the Messenger of Allah (may peace he upon him) used to pronounce while bowing and prostrating himself: سُبُّوحٌ قُدُّوسٌ، رَبُّ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالرُّوحِ All Glorious, All Holy, Lord of the Angels and the Spirit[Sahih Al-Muslim 1091]
Sunnat Qoma(Standing after Ruku and before Sujood)
- Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) used to raise both his hands up to the level of his shoulders and then say **سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ “**Allah listened to him who praised Him”[Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 735, Sahih Al-Muslim 861].
- In another Hadith, A man saying prayer behind Rasool Allah says رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ حَمْدًا كَثِيرًا طَيِّبًا مُبَارَكًا فِيهِ after raising his head from Ruku and Rasool Allah encourage him.[Sahih Al-Bukhari 799]
Sahih Al-Bukhari 735, Sahih Al-Muslim 861
Narrated by salim bin Abdullah My father said, “Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) used to raise both his hands up to the level of his shoulders when opening the prayer; and on saying the Takbir for bowing. And on raising his head from bowing he used to do the same and then say سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ”Allah listened to him who praised Him”. And he did not do that (i.e. raising his hands) in prostrations”[Sahih Al-Bukhari 735, Sahih Al-Muslim 861].
Sahih Al-Bukhari 799
Narrated Rifaa bin Rafi Az-Zuraqi: One day we were praying behind the Prophet. When he raised his head from bowing, he said, Sami`a l-lahu liman hamidah. A man behind him said, رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ حَمْدًا كَثِيرًا طَيِّبًا مُبَارَكًا فِيهِ (O our Lord! All the praises are for You, many good and blessed praises). When the Prophet completed the prayer, he asked, Who has said these words? The man replied, I. The Prophet said, I saw over thirty angels competing to write it first. Prophet rose (from bowing) and stood straight till all the vertebrae of his spinal column came to a natural position.[Sahih Bukhari 799].
Sunnat Sajda
Posture
- Rasool Allah( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم) postrated in a way that he placed his nose and forehead on the ground and kept his arms away from his side, so that the whiteness of his armpits was visible, and placed his palms on ground opposite his shoulder.[Reference: Sunan Abu Dawood 734, Sahih Muslim 1105].
- Rasool Allah( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم) says not to put forearms on ground in postration like a dog. [Reference: Sahih Bukhari 822].
- Rasool Allah commands to put down hands before his knees while going for postration.[Reference:Sunan Abu Dawood 840]
Sunan Abu Dawood 734
Abbas bin Sahl Said: Abu Humaid, Abu Usaid, Sahl. B Saad and Muhammad bin Maslamah (once) got together and discussed how the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم used to offer his prayer. Abu Humaid said: I am more informed than any of you regarding the prayer offered by the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم. Then he mentioned a part of it, and said: He then bowed and placed his hands upon his knees as if he caught hold of them; and bent them, keeping (his arms) away from his sides. He them prostrated himself and placed his nose and forehead (on the ground); and kept his arms away from his side, and placed his palms (on the ground opposite his shoulders; he then raised his head that every bone returned to its proper place; (he then prostrated twice) until he finished this prostrations). Then he sat down and spread out his left foot, putting forward the front of his right foot towards the qiblah placing the palm of his right hand on his right knee, and the palm of his left hand on his left knee, and he pointed with his finger. Abu Dawud said: This tradition has been narrated by Ibn al-Mubarak from Fulaih who heard Abbas. Sahl narrating it; but I do not remember it. I think he made the mention of ‘Isa bin Abdullah who heard Abbas bin Sahl saying: I accompanied Abu Humaid al-Saeedi.[Sunan Abu Dawood 734].
Sahih Muslim 1105
Abdullah b. Malik ibn Bujainah reported: When the Prophet ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) prostrated, lie spread out his arms so that the whiteness of his armpits was visible[Sahih Muslim 1105]
Sahih Bukhari 822
Narrated Anas bin Malik: The Prophet( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم)said, Be straight in the prostrations and none of you should put his forearms on the ground (in the prostration) like a dog.[Sahih Bukhari 822].
Sunan Abu Dawood 840
Abu Hurairah reported the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم as saying: when one of you prostrates himself he must not kneel in the manner of camel, but should put down his hands before his knees.[Sunan Abu Dawood 840]
Azkar in Prostration
Rasool Allah( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم) use to say following Azkar in Prostration
- سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الْأَعْلَى “Glory be to my Lord most High”[Reference: Sahih Muslim 1814]
- سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الأَعْلَى “Glorify the name of your most high Lord”[Reference:Sunan Abu Dawood 869, Sunan ibn e Majah 887].
- سُبُّوحٌ قُدُّوسٌ، رَبُّ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالرُّوحِ All Glorious, All Holy, Lord of the Angels and the Spirit**[Reference:Sahih Al-Muslim 1091]**
Sahih Muslim 1814
Narrated by Hudaifa Hudhaifa reported:I prayed with the Messenger of Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) one night and he started reciting al-Baqara. I thought that he would bow at the end of one hundred verses, but he proceeded on; I then thought that he would perhaps recite the whole (surah) in a rak’ah, but he proceeded and I thought he would perhaps bow on completing (this surah). He then started al-Nisa’, and recited it; he then started Al-i-‘Imran and recited leisurely. And when he recited the verses which referred to the Glory of Allah, he glorified (by saying Subhan Allah-Glory to my Lord the Great), and when he recited the verses which tell (how the Lord) is to be begged, he (the Holy Prophet) would then beg (from Him), and when he recited the verses dealing with protection from the Lord, he sought (His) protection and would then bow and say:سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الْعَظِيمِ Glory be to my Mighty Lord; his bowing lasted about the same length of time as his standing (and then on returning to the standing posture after ruku’) he would say: سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُAllah listened to him who praised Him, and he would then stand about the same length of time as he had spent in bowing. He would then prostrate himself and say: سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الْأَعْلَىGlory be to my Lord most High, and his prostration lasted nearly the same length of time as his standing. In the hadith transmitted by Jarir the words are: He (the Holy Prophet) would say: Allah listened to him who praised Him, our Lord, to Thee I the praise. [Sahih Al-Muslim 1814].
Sunan Abi Dawood 869, Sunan ibn e Majah 887
Narrated Uqbah ibn Amir When فَسَبِّحْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الْعَظِيمِ “Glorify the name of your mighty Lord”( سورۃ الواقعۃ: ۷۴ ) was revealed, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Use it when bowing, and when سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الأَعْلَى“Glorify the name of your most high Lord”( سورۃ الاعلی: ۱ ) was revealed, he said: Use it when prostrating yourself[Sunan Abi Dawood 869, Sunan ibn e Majah 887].
Sahih Muslim 1091
Narrated by Aisha A’isha reported that the Messenger of Allah (may peace he upon him) used to pronounce while bowing and prostrating himself: سُبُّوحٌ قُدُّوسٌ، رَبُّ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالرُّوحِ All Glorious, All Holy, Lord of the Angels and the Spirit[Sahih Al-Muslim 1091]
Sunnat Jalsa(Sitting after sujood)
Posture
Rasool Allah( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم) raise his head from prostration while saying Takbir**[Reference: Sahih Bukhari 735]** and The sunnat way of sitting in jalsa is to keep the right foot propped up and bend the left in the prayer.[Reference: Sahih Bukhari 827].
Sahih Bukhari 827
Narrated Abdullah bin Abdullah: I saw Abdullah bin Umar crossing his legs while sitting in the prayer and I, a mere youngster in those days, did the same. Ibn `Umar forbade me to do so, and said, The proper way is to keep the right foot propped up and bend the left in the prayer. I said questioningly, But you are doing so (crossing the legs). He said, My feet cannot bear my weight.[Sahih Bukhari 827]
Zikr in Jalsa
Rasool Allah (صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم) used to recite رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي، رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي“ O Lord forgive me, O Lord forgive me” between two prostration.[Reference: Sunan ibn e Majah 897]
Sunan Ibn e Majah 897
It was narrated from Hudhaifah that the Prophet (ﷺ) used to say between the two prostrations:رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي، رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي“O Lord forgive me, O Lord forgive me[Sunan ibn e majah 897]
Jalsa e Isterahat (Sitting for a while after second prostration)
Rasool Allah( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) give the command to do Jalsa e Isterahat.[Reference: Sahih Bukhari 6251]
Sahih Bukhari 6251
Narrated Abu Huraira: A man entered the mosque while Allah’s Apostle was sitting in one side of the mosque. The man prayed, came, and greeted the Prophet. Allah’s Apostle said to him, Wa ‘Alaikas Salam (returned his greeting). Go back and pray as you have not prayed (properly). The man returned, repeated his prayer, came back and greeted the Prophet. The Prophet said, Wa alaika-s-Salam (returned his greeting). Go back and pray again as you have not prayed (properly). The man said at the second or third time, O Allah’s Apostle! Kindly teach me how to pray . The Prophet said, When you stand for prayer, perform ablution properly and then face the Qibla and say Takbir (Allahu-Akbar), and then recite what you know from the Qur’an, and then bow with calmness till you feel at ease then rise from bowing, till you stand straight, and then prostrate calmly (and remain in prostration) till you feel at ease, and then raise (your head) and sit with calmness till you feel at ease and then prostrate with calmness (and remain in prostration) till you feel at ease, and then raise (your head) and sit with calmness till you feel at ease in the sitting position, and do likewise in whole of your prayer.[Sahih bukhari 6251].
Sunnat Tashahhud
Posture of Tashahhud
- When Rasool Allah( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) sat for tashahud, he placed his right hand on his right knee or thigh and left hand on left knee and thigh (because both actions are derived from Sahih Ahadith) and placed his thumb on his middle finger, raising forefinger.
- Rasool Allah keeps his finger of attestation above in whole tashud,Raising the finger of attestation لَا إِلَٰهَand taking it back at إِلَّا ٱللَّٰه is not derived from any Sahih Hadith.[Reference: Sahih Muslim 1310, Sahih Muslim 1308, Sunan Abu Dawood 991]
Sahih Muslim 1310
Another version on the authority of Ibn Umar says:When the Messenger of Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) sat for tashahhud, he placed his left hand on his left knee and placed his right hand on his right knee, and he formed a ring like (fifty-three) and pointed with his finger of attestation. [Sahih Muslim 1310]
Sahih Muslim 1308
Abdullah b. Zubair narrated on the authority of his father that when the Messenger of Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) sat for supplication, i. e. tashahhud (blessing and supplication), he placed his right hand on his right thigh and his left hand on his left thigh, and pointed with his forefinger, and placed his thumb on his (milddle) finger, and covered his knee with the palm of his left hand[Sahih Muslim 1308].
Sunan Abu Dawood 991
Narrated Abu Malik Numayr al-Khuzai: I saw the Prophet (peace be upon him)placing his right hand on his right thigh and raising his forefinger curving it a little. [Sunan Abu dawood 991]
Dua’s and Azkar in Tashahhud:
Attahiyat:
The companions of Rasool Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) used to greet each others in prayers, then Rasool Allah told them to recite Attahiyat and says that you have surely sent the greetings to every good (pious) worshipper of Allah, whether in Heaven or on Earth by recieting Attahiyat.[Sahih Bukhari 1202]
Sahih Bukhari 1202
Narrated Abdullah bin Masud: We used to say the greeting, name and greet each other in the prayer. Allah’s Apostle heard it and said: — Say, التَّحِيَّاتُ لِلَّهِ وَالصَّلَوَاتُ وَالطَّيِّبَاتُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِينَ ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ (All the compliments are for Allah and all the prayers and all the good things (are for Allah). Peace be on you, O Prophet, and Allah’s mercy and blessings (are on you). And peace be on us and on the good (pious) worshipers of Allah. I testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and that Muhammad is His slave and Apostle.) So, when you have said this, you have surely sent the greetings to every good (pious) worshipper of Allah, whether in Heaven or on Earth. [Sahih Bukhari 1202]
Darood-e-Ibrahimi
Rasool Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) used to resite Drood-e-Ibrahimi in Tashahhud [Reference: Sahih Bukhari 3370]
Sahih Bukhari 3370
Narrated Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Laila: Kab bin Ujrah met me and said, Shall I not give you a present I got from the Prophet? `Abdur- Rahman said, Yes, give it to me. I said, We asked Allah’s Apostle saying, ‘O Allah’s Apostle! How should one (ask Allah to) send blessings on you, the members of the family, for Allah has taught us how to salute you (in the prayer)?’ He said, اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَعَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ ، اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ كَمَا بَارَكْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَعَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ‘Say: O Allah! Send Your Mercy on Muhammad and on the family of Muhammad, as You sent Your Mercy on Abraham and on the family of Abraham, for You are the Most Praise-worthy, the Most Glorious. O Allah! Send Your Blessings on Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You sent your Blessings on Abraham and on the family of Abraham, for You are the Most Praise-worthy, the Most Glorious.’[Sahih Bukhari 3370]
Dua in Tashahhud
Rasool Allah( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم )use to recite duas in Tashahhud
- اللهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عَذَابِ جَهَنَّمَ، وَمِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ، وَمِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَحْيَا وَالْمَمَاتِ، وَمِنْ شَرِّ فِتْنَةِ الْمَسِيحِ الدَّجَّالِ O Allah! I seek refuge with Thee from the torment of the Hell, from the torment of the grave, from the trial of life and death and from the evil of the trial of Masih al-Dajjal (Antichrist). [Sahih Muslim 1324]
- اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا آتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً ، وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً ، وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ . O Allah! Give to us in the world that which is good and in the Hereafter that which is good, and save us from the torment of the Fire. [Sahih Bukhari 6389]
- Rasool Allah allows to recite any dua from Qur’an.[Sahih Bukhari 835]
Sahih Muslim 1324
Abu Huraira reported:The Messenger of Allah (way peace be upon him) said: When any one of you utters tashahhud (in prayer) he must seek refuge with Allah from four (trials) and should thus say:اللهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عَذَابِ جَهَنَّمَ، وَمِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ، وَمِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَحْيَا وَالْمَمَاتِ، وَمِنْ شَرِّ فِتْنَةِ الْمَسِيحِ الدَّجَّالِ O Allah! I seek refuge with Thee from the torment of the Hell, from the torment of the grave, from the trial of life and death and from the evil of the trial of Masih al-Dajjal (Antichrist). [Sahih Muslim 1324].
Sahih Bukhari 6389
Narrated Anas: The most frequent invocation of The Prophet was: اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا آتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً ، وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً ، وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ . O Allah! Give to us in the world that which is good and in the Hereafter that which is good, and save us from the torment of the Fire. [Sahih Bukhari 6389].
Sahih Bukhari 835
Narrated Abdullah: When we prayed with the Prophet we used to say, Peace be on Allah from His slaves and peace be on so and so. The Prophet said, Don’t say As-Salam be on Allah, for He Himself is As-Salam, but say, at-tahiyatu li l-lahi wa s-salawatu wa t-taiyibat. As-salamu alaika aiyuha n-Nabiyu wa rahmatu l-lahi wa barakatuh. As-salamu alaina wa ala ibadi l-lahi s-salihin. (If you say this then it will reach all the slaves in heaven or between heaven and earth). Ash-hadu al la-ilaha illa l-lah, wa ash-hadu anna Muhammadan Abduhu wa Rasuluh.’ Then select the invocation you like best and recite it.[Sahih Bukhari 835]
Salam
Rasool Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم )end his salah with taslim**[Reference: Sahih Bukhari 838, Sahih Muslim 1315]**
Sahih Bukhari 838
Narrated `Itban bin Malik: We prayed with the Prophet and used to finish our prayer with the Taslim along with him. [Bukhari 838]
Sahih Muslim 1315
Amir ibn Sa’d reported:I saw the Messenger of Allah (may peace be open him) pronouncing taslim on his right and on his left till I saw the whiteness of his cheek [Muslim 1315].
In last, if you want to have the summary of all of the above there is a Hadith
Narrated by Abu Humaid al-Saeedi Abu Humaid al-Saeedi once told a company of ten of the companions of the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ; Abu Qatadah was one of them: I am one among you who is more informed of the way the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم prayed. They said: Why, By Allah, you did not follow him more than us, nor did you remain in his company longer than us? He said: Yes. They said: Then describe (how the Prophet prayed). He said: When the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم stood up to pray, he raised his hands so as to bring them opposite his shoulders, and uttered the takbir (Allah is the most great), until every bone rested in its place properly: then he recited (some verses from the Quran); then he uttered the takbir (Allah is most great), raising his hands so as to bring them opposite his shoulders; then he bowed; placing the palms of his hands on his knees and keeping himself straight, neither raising nor lowering his head; then raised his head saying: سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ“Allah listens to him who praise Him”; then raised his hands so as to bring them exactly opposite to his shoulders; then uttered: “Allah is most great”; then lowered himself to the ground (in prostration), keeping his arms away from his sides; then raised his head, bent his left foot and sat on it, and opened the toes when he prostrated: then he uttered: “Allah is most great”; then raised his head, bent his left foot and sat on it so that every bone returned to its place properly; then he did the same in the second (rak’ah). At the end of the two Rak’ahs he stood up and uttered the Takbir (Allah is most great), raising his hands so as to bring them opposite to his shoulders; then he bowed, placing the palms of his hands on his knees and keeping himself straight, neither raising or lowering his head: then raised his head saying: “Allah listens to him who praises Him”; then raised his hands so as to bring them exactly opposite his shoulders; then uttered: “Allah is most great”; then lowered himself to the ground (in prostration), keeping his arms away from his sides; then raised his head, bent his left foot and sat on it, and opened the toes when he prostrated himself; then he prostrated; then uttered: “Allah is most great”; then raised his head, bent his left foot and sat on it so that every bone returned to its place properly; then he did the same in the second (rak’ah). At the end of two rak’ahs he stood up and uttered the Takbir (Allah is most great), raising his hands so as to bring them opposite to his shoulders in the way he had uttered the Takbir (Allah is most great) at the beginning of the prayer; then he did that in the remainder of his prayer; and after prostration which if followed by the taslim (salutation) he out his left foot and sat on his left hip. They said: You have spoken the truth. This is how he صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم used to pray”[Sunan Abu Dawood 730].
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